Intercomparison of Mechanical Transplanted Rice and Direct Seeded Rice in Climate Change Resilient for Improving Crop-Water Productivity and Soil Health in North West IGP: A Review
Arun Kumar
S. K. Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India.
P. K. Singh
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
R. K. Naresh
Department of Agronomy, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Himanshu Tiwari *
Department of Agronomy, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Durgesh Maurya
Department of Agronomy, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Rahul Kumar
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Jharkhand Rai University, Ranchi (Jharkhand), India.
Rojalin Hota
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, MITS Institute of Professional Studies, Rayagada, Odisha, India.
Nand Lal Singh
Dr. C. V. Raman University, Vaishali Bhagwanpur, Bihar, India.
S. K. Kataria
Department of Agronomy, Gochar Mahavidyalay, Rampur, Maniharan, Saharanpur, U. P., India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Climate change is a major issue facing humanity, and the most common method for growing rice is manual puddled transplanted rice (PTR). Direct-seeded rice (DSR) is becoming increasingly popular due to its reduced methane emissions and reduced labour costs. However, there are drawbacks to this transition, such as an increase in weeds, herbicide resistance, nitrous oxide emissions, nutritional disorders, and soil-borne diseases. To reduce these issues, appropriate weed, water, and fertilizer management practices should be applied. Chemical and biotechnological methods, such as herbicide-resistant and more competitive allelopathic variants, will be required for sustainable rice production. The development of site- and soil-specific integrated packages will increase the adoption of DSR and decrease the negative effects of PTR on the environment.
Keywords: Direct seeded rice, transplanted rice, wet-DSR, dry-DSR, GHG emissions